with fatty acids of varying chain lengths to induce gastrointestinal
sensations and symptoms. Five different infusions were
studied as follows: LCT (soybean oil), MCT, soy lecithin,
Orlistat and sucrose polyester. LCT and MCT both increased
gastric volume, with LCT causing the greater increase. All
infusions resulted in increased feelings of fullness, bloating and
nausea, and decreased hunger but effects were most pronounced
with the LCT infusion. The authors concluded that
the mechanism of action of fat in the generation of gastrointestinal
symptoms required digestion of TG. Furthermore, because
MCT do not release CCK, but do affect sensations of
fullness, bloating and nausea, CCK-dependent and CCK-independent
mechanisms must be involved.
In humans, MCFA do not stimulate CCK secretion. Therefore,
CCK must not be the hormone responsible for their
satiating effect (25–29). Although MCT have been shown to
induce satiety and to stimulate hormone secretion, no single
hormone has been found to be strongly secreted due to MCT
digestion. PYY has been found to be secreted in response to
MCFA, yet it is still more potently secreted in response to
LCT (27).