Being agile has a strong positive effect on the supply chain’s customer value, while its
impact on business performance is mediated by the supply chain’s customer value and,
thus, is indirect only. In contrast, achieving robustness has a strong positive direct effect on
both the supply chain’s customer value and business performance. This is an
important observation, because in the last years both researchers and managers paid a
lot of attention to agility, whereas robustness turns out to be the real driver of business
performance.