This analysis also attempts to highlight whether the case studies employed an assessment process to arrive at their conclusions. The elements for the review are: assessment participants (who decides?); assessment components (what is examined?); indicator selection
procedure (how are the indicators chosen?); data gathering methods; and data-analysis methods (e.g. scaling of sustainability, gradations of sustainability, sustainability assessment maps (SAMs), and future scenarios of sustainability over time). These judgment/ issues in relation to sustainability were adapted from a previous study by Bell and Morse (1999). For example, a mapping component in sustainability assessment may be required for the general public to present a clear and simple system quality of a community, since one of the goals of sustainable development is to deliver current information easily to locals. Finally, overall findings from the review of literature are discussed at the end of this section.