Aims and objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a supportive
educational intervention developed based on the Orem’s self-care theory on the
self-care ability of patients with myocardial infarction.
Background. Patients with cardiovascular disease suffer from the lack of knowledge
about the disease and consequently are not able to fulfil their own self-care needs.
Design. This was a randomised controlled trial conducted in 2012.
Methods. We recruited a random sample of 66 patients with myocardial infarction
who had been recently discharged from coronary care unit. The study setting
was two university hospitals located in Khorasan, Iran. Patients were randomly
allocated to either the experimental or the control groups. Patients in the experimental
group received education, support, and counselling while patients in the
control group received no intervention. We employed a demographic questionnaire
and the Myocardial Infarction Self-Care Ability Questionnaire for data
collection and SPSS version 16.00 for data analysis.
Findings. After the study, patients in the experimental group had higher levels of
self-care knowledge, motivation and skills compared to the prestudy readings and
the control group.
Conclusion. The supportive educational intervention developed based on the
Orem’s self-care theory can improve nonhospitalised patients’ self-care ability and
positively affect public health outcomes. Consequently, using the developed programme
for providing follow-up care to nonhospitalised patients is recommended.
Relevance to clinical practice. Having the ability to develop caring systems based
on the nursing theories is a prerequisite to standard nursing practice. Identifying
patients’ educational needs is a fundamental prerequisite to patient education.
Our findings revealed that the supportive educational intervention developed
based on the Orem’s self-care theory can help health care providers identify and
fulfil patients’ self-care needs.