under which the results are applicable, and caution against any possible misunderstandings
and using the results in situations where the underlying
assumptions do not apply. For example, if you determined that using a
larger-diameter pipe in a proposed pipeline will cost an additional $5000 in
materials, but it will reduce the annual pumping costs by $3000, indicate
that the larger-diameter pipeline will pay for its cost differential from the
electricity it saves in less than two years. However, also state that only additional
material costs associated with the larger-diameter pipeline are considered
in the analysis.
Keep in mind that the solutions you present to your instructors, and any
engineering analysis presented to others, is a form of communication.
Therefore neatness, organization, completeness, and visual appearance are
of utmost importance for maximum effectiveness. Besides, neatness also
serves as a great checking tool since it is very easy to spot errors and inconsistencies
in neat work. Carelessness and skipping steps to save time often
end up costing more time and unnecessary anxiety.
The approach described here is used in the solved example problems without
explicitly stating each step, as well as in the Solutions Manual of this
text. For some problems, some of the steps may not be applicable or necessary.
For example, often it is not practical to list the properties separately.
However, we cannot overemphasize the importance of a logical and orderly
approach to problem solving. Most difficulties encountered while solving a
problem are not due to a lack of knowledge; rather, they are due to a lack of
organization. You are strongly encouraged to follow these steps in problem
solving until you develop your own approach that works best for you.
1–9 ! ENGINEERING SOFTWARE PACKAGES
You may be wondering why we are about to undertake an in-depth study of
the fundamentals of another engineering science. After all, almost all such
problems we are likely to encounter in practice can be solved using one of
several sophisticated software packages readily available in the market
today. These software packages not only give the desired numerical results,
but also supply the outputs in colorful graphical form for impressive presentations.
It is unthinkable to practice engineering today without using some
of these packages. This tremendous computing power available to us at the
touch of a button is both a blessing and a curse. It certainly enables engineers
to solve problems easily and quickly, but it also opens the door for
abuses and misinformation. In the hands of poorly educated people, these
software packages are as dangerous as sophisticated powerful weapons in
the hands of poorly trained soldiers.
Thinking that a person who can use the engineering software packages
without proper training on fundamentals can practice engineering is like
thinking that a person who can use a wrench can work as a car mechanic. If
it were true that the engineering students do not need all these fundamental
courses they are taking because practically everything can be done by computers
quickly and easily, then it would also be true that the employers would
no longer need high-salaried engineers since any person who knows how to
use a word-processing program can also learn how to use those software
packages. However, the statistics show that the need for engineers is on the
rise, not on the decline, despite the availability of these powerful packages.
under which the results are applicable, and caution against any possible misunderstandings
and using the results in situations where the underlying
assumptions do not apply. For example, if you determined that using a
larger-diameter pipe in a proposed pipeline will cost an additional $5000 in
materials, but it will reduce the annual pumping costs by $3000, indicate
that the larger-diameter pipeline will pay for its cost differential from the
electricity it saves in less than two years. However, also state that only additional
material costs associated with the larger-diameter pipeline are considered
in the analysis.
Keep in mind that the solutions you present to your instructors, and any
engineering analysis presented to others, is a form of communication.
Therefore neatness, organization, completeness, and visual appearance are
of utmost importance for maximum effectiveness. Besides, neatness also
serves as a great checking tool since it is very easy to spot errors and inconsistencies
in neat work. Carelessness and skipping steps to save time often
end up costing more time and unnecessary anxiety.
The approach described here is used in the solved example problems without
explicitly stating each step, as well as in the Solutions Manual of this
text. For some problems, some of the steps may not be applicable or necessary.
For example, often it is not practical to list the properties separately.
However, we cannot overemphasize the importance of a logical and orderly
approach to problem solving. Most difficulties encountered while solving a
problem are not due to a lack of knowledge; rather, they are due to a lack of
organization. You are strongly encouraged to follow these steps in problem
solving until you develop your own approach that works best for you.
1–9 ! ENGINEERING SOFTWARE PACKAGES
You may be wondering why we are about to undertake an in-depth study of
the fundamentals of another engineering science. After all, almost all such
problems we are likely to encounter in practice can be solved using one of
several sophisticated software packages readily available in the market
today. These software packages not only give the desired numerical results,
but also supply the outputs in colorful graphical form for impressive presentations.
It is unthinkable to practice engineering today without using some
of these packages. This tremendous computing power available to us at the
touch of a button is both a blessing and a curse. It certainly enables engineers
to solve problems easily and quickly, but it also opens the door for
abuses and misinformation. In the hands of poorly educated people, these
software packages are as dangerous as sophisticated powerful weapons in
the hands of poorly trained soldiers.
Thinking that a person who can use the engineering software packages
without proper training on fundamentals can practice engineering is like
thinking that a person who can use a wrench can work as a car mechanic. If
it were true that the engineering students do not need all these fundamental
courses they are taking because practically everything can be done by computers
quickly and easily, then it would also be true that the employers would
no longer need high-salaried engineers since any person who knows how to
use a word-processing program can also learn how to use those software
packages. However, the statistics show that the need for engineers is on the
rise, not on the decline, despite the availability of these powerful packages.
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