Most societies realise the importance of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) to sustainable economic growth and the well-being of their citizens. The provision of an adequate STEM education at school or university varies across the world. This presentation discusses why STEM is important. It looks at the statistics of STEM education and examines the decline in STEM education in some economies and some of the reasons for this decline. Looking to the future, the presentation speculates on what should be taught in STEM, how it should be taught, who should teach it and who will teach the teachers.