Procedure
Preference assessment. We conducted a twophase
preference assessment using the paired choice
method. During the first preference
assessment, the experimenter presented five
categories (animals, food, letters, people, and
casino games) of visual stimuli (11 cm by 15 cm)
to the resident in pairs of two. Any participant
who selected gambling less than second most
frequently was excluded from the study. This
did not occur for any of the participants.
During the second preference assessment,
stimuli were limited to pictures of gambling
and people (the top two chosen sets from Phase
1 for all participants). Participants who chose