Here, the subtracted term represents removal of the background and the division by Δμo represents the normalization of the function, for which the normalization function is approximated to be the sudden increase in the absorption coefficient at the edge. When interpreting data for the EXAFS, it is general practice to use the photoelectron wave vector, k, which is an independent variable that is proportional to momentum rather than energy.
We can solve for k by first assuming that the photon energy E will be greater than E0 (the initial X-ray absorption energy at the edge). Since energy is conserved, excess energy given by E - E0 is conserved by being converted into the kinetic energy of the photoelectron wave. Since wavelengths are dependent on kinetic energies, the photoelectron wave (de Broglie wavelength) will propagate through the EXAFS region with a velocity of ν where the wavelength of the photoelectron will be scanned. This gives the relation, (E - E0) = meν2/2. One of the identities for the de Broglie wavelength is that it is inversely proportional to the photoelectrons momentum (meν): λ=h/meν. Using simple algebraic manipulations, we are able to obtain the following:
To amplify the oscillations graphically, k is often plotted as k3
Now that we have an expression for k, we begin to develop the EXAFS equation by using Fermi's Golden Rule. This rule states that the absorption coefficient is proportional to the square of the transition moment integral, or ||2 , where i is the unaffected core energy level before it interferes with the neighboring atoms, H is the interaction, and f is the final state in which the core energy level has been affected and a photoelectron has been ejected. This integral can be related to the total wavefunction Ψk, which represents the sum of all interacting waves, from the backscattering atoms and the absorbing atom. The integral is proportional to the total wavefunction squared, which refers to the probability that the photoelectron is found at the atom where the photon is absorbed, as a function of radius. This wavefunction describes the constructive/destructive nature of the wave interactions within it, and varies depending on the phase difference of the waves interacting. This phase difference can be easily expressed in terms of our photoelectron wave number and R, the distance to the innershell from the wave, as 2k/R. In addition, another characteristic of this wave interaction is the amplitude of waves backscattering to the central atom. This amplitude is can provide coordination number as well since it is thought to be directly proportional to the number of scatters.
The physical description of all these properties is given in a final function for χ(k), called the EXAFS equation:
Here, the subtracted term represents removal of the background and the division by Δμo represents the normalization of the function, for which the normalization function is approximated to be the sudden increase in the absorption coefficient at the edge. When interpreting data for the EXAFS, it is general practice to use the photoelectron wave vector, k, which is an independent variable that is proportional to momentum rather than energy. We can solve for k by first assuming that the photon energy E will be greater than E0 (the initial X-ray absorption energy at the edge). Since energy is conserved, excess energy given by E - E0 is conserved by being converted into the kinetic energy of the photoelectron wave. Since wavelengths are dependent on kinetic energies, the photoelectron wave (de Broglie wavelength) will propagate through the EXAFS region with a velocity of ν where the wavelength of the photoelectron will be scanned. This gives the relation, (E - E0) = meν2/2. One of the identities for the de Broglie wavelength is that it is inversely proportional to the photoelectrons momentum (meν): λ=h/meν. Using simple algebraic manipulations, we are able to obtain the following:To amplify the oscillations graphically, k is often plotted as k3Now that we have an expression for k, we begin to develop the EXAFS equation by using Fermi's Golden Rule. This rule states that the absorption coefficient is proportional to the square of the transition moment integral, or ||2 , where i is the unaffected core energy level before it interferes with the neighboring atoms, H is the interaction, and f is the final state in which the core energy level has been affected and a photoelectron has been ejected. This integral can be related to the total wavefunction Ψk, which represents the sum of all interacting waves, from the backscattering atoms and the absorbing atom. The integral is proportional to the total wavefunction squared, which refers to the probability that the photoelectron is found at the atom where the photon is absorbed, as a function of radius. This wavefunction describes the constructive/destructive nature of the wave interactions within it, and varies depending on the phase difference of the waves interacting. This phase difference can be easily expressed in terms of our photoelectron wave number and R, the distance to the innershell from the wave, as 2k/R. In addition, another characteristic of this wave interaction is the amplitude of waves backscattering to the central atom. This amplitude is can provide coordination number as well since it is thought to be directly proportional to the number of scatters.The physical description of all these properties is given in a final function for χ(k), called the EXAFS equation:
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