World trade has been increasing dramatically in the past two decades, and as a result containers exchange has grown
significantly. Accordingly, container terminals are expanding to meet this increase and new container ports have opened. Ports
with one or more container terminals are considered complex systems in which many resources, entities and transporters interact
to achieve the objective of safely moving containers delivered by ships inland as well as loading containers delivered by trucks
and rail onto ships. Ports with multimodal transportation systems are in particular complex as they typically operate with ships
arriving to one or more terminals, multiple quay cranes, rubber tyred gantry cranes, trains, and trucks delivering containers of
different types to terminals.
World trade has been increasing dramatically in the past two decades, and as a result containers exchange has grownsignificantly. Accordingly, container terminals are expanding to meet this increase and new container ports have opened. Portswith one or more container terminals are considered complex systems in which many resources, entities and transporters interactto achieve the objective of safely moving containers delivered by ships inland as well as loading containers delivered by trucksand rail onto ships. Ports with multimodal transportation systems are in particular complex as they typically operate with shipsarriving to one or more terminals, multiple quay cranes, rubber tyred gantry cranes, trains, and trucks delivering containers ofdifferent types to terminals.
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