Although TFT is considered to be the most robust basic strategy, another interesting strategy is the one denoted as Pavlov (an example of Win-Stay, Lose-Switch) “cooperates at the first iteration and whenever the player and co-player did the same thing at the previous iteration; Pavlov defects when the player and co-player did different things at the previous iteration”. For a certain range of parameters, and in the presence of noise, it was found that Pavlov beats all other strategies by giving preferential treatment to co-players which resemble Pavlov (Novak & Sigmund, 1993).