Adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) has been established as a reliable trace metal analysis technique applicable to different samples [1]. Mercury film electrodes (MFEs), prepared by electroplating a thin-film of mercury on a suitable substrate, have in many cases replaced the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in AdSV with satisfactory results [2]. The advantages of MFEs over the HMDE are the precise masstransfer of the analyte species to the electrode surface, their simplicity in terms of construction and maintenance, their mechanical stability and the scope for different cell configurations
[2,3]. However, mercury electrodes unavoidably entail the use, manipulation and disposal of toxic mercury and mercury salts. Therefore, mercury-based electrodes are considered unfriendly to the environment and their use in unattractive. Bismuth-film electrodes (BiFEs), consisting of a thin bismuth, rather than mercury, film deposited on a suitable substrate, have been shown to offer comparable performance to MFEs in
stripping voltammetry [4,5]. BiFEs are more environmentally friendly than MFEs since the toxicity of bismuth and its salts