There are also specific cultural and contextual influences on health care in Palestine. For example, family cohesion and support are important aspects in the lives of patients and the family needs to be included in significant decisions [16]. The care plans created by Palestinian nurses are recognised as being affected by their cultural context and their environment [17]. Aim Against a background of conflict and turmoil, and in the broader context of the development of mental health care in the Arabic region, the aim of this review article is to examine the mental health needs of Palestinians and the availability of services, before making recommendations for policy, development and practice. Method For the search strategy, databases were scanned broadly prior to refining the searches. CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and PubMed were searched. Key search words included, ‘Palestin*AND mental health’. Science Direct was also searched by using mental health AND screening AND Palestine. These words were also used to search in the Arabic language to identify articles indexed in Annajah University Journal for Research. Additional papers, which did not come to light in the electronic database search, were obtained via an examination of reference lists of published papers. This study included references about mental health in the West Bank only; studies outside the West Bank such as Gaza were excluded. The search identified 322 items. Duplicates were removed, and 43 relevant articles and reports were included in this review. For the critical analysis of empirical articles, the following aspects were considered: survey instrument used, aim, sample, data collection criteria, limitations or bias, key