• Providing. Obtain the services of other stake holders, FOs, and VEWs in providing various services to nurture the FO in the early stages of development.
• Structuring. Help the FO to structure its meetings and various participative planning activities and to learn from their experience through reflection.
• Actualizing. Help them to reflect on the process of managing their FO. Learning by doing can help them in self-actualization.(For more details on empowerment, see Vogt and Murrell (1990).