The prepared lms were characterized using eld-emission
scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Hitachi JSM-6701F). The
surface water CAs and SAs were measured on a Kr¨uss DSA100
optical CA meter (Kr¨uss, Germany). The volume of deionized
water droplets used for the measurement was about 5 ml. Each
of the reported contact angles represents the average of ve
replicable measurements. To better understand the wettability
and electrowetting behaviors of these prepared lms, their
chemical composition was obtained via Raman scattering
spectroscopy (Horiba Jobin Yvon LabRAM-HR800, l ¼ 532 nm)
and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Bruker IFS
66 V/S), respectively.
The prepared lms were characterized using eld-emissionscanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Hitachi JSM-6701F). Thesurface water CAs and SAs were measured on a Kr¨uss DSA100optical CA meter (Kr¨uss, Germany). The volume of deionizedwater droplets used for the measurement was about 5 ml. Eachof the reported contact angles represents the average of vereplicable measurements. To better understand the wettabilityand electrowetting behaviors of these prepared lms, theirchemical composition was obtained via Raman scatteringspectroscopy (Horiba Jobin Yvon LabRAM-HR800, l ¼ 532 nm)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Bruker IFS66 V/S), respectively.
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