Ceasing to pair a conditioned reinforce with a backup reinforce can have unfortunate result for those who are not aware start as that this will cause a conditioned reinforce to lose its value. An example of this is a teacher who awards stars as tokens for good behavior but fails to use effective backup rienforcers. The result is that the stars eventually lose whatever reinforcing power they may have had when they were first introduced. Failure to use effective backup reinforcers in token economies can account for the lack of motivation students sometimes show.