PREGNANCY-INDUCED CHANGES IN
ASTHMA CONTROL
As a consequence of pregnancy-associated
immunological and clinical changes, asthma
improves in approximately one-third, remains
the same in another one-third, and worsens in
one-third during gravidity, but the underlying
immunological mechanisms are mostly unknown
and biomarkers predicting deterioration are
lacking. However, there are some clinical signs that
can draw the attention of the treating physician.
The risk of asthma worsening during pregnancy
increases with disease severity before pregnancy,
and there is a concordance between the courses of
asthma during consecutive pregnancies.
47
Similarly,
asthma-specific quality of life in early pregnancy
is related to subsequent asthma morbidity during
pregnancy.
48
Asthma exacerbations are more
common and more severe in pregnant women
who smoke.49
Interestingly, female foetuses also
cause greater risk for worsening symptoms
13,50
and IUGR.
13,51
Obesity is associated both with asthma
exacerbations and non-pulmonary complications
during pregnancy (e.g. preeclampsia, gestational
diabetes, and gestational hypertension).
4
Lower
prevalence of naive T cells observed in obese
compared to non-obese asthmatic pregnant
patients may be a sign of dysfunctional pregnancyinduced immune tolerance in obese patients.
13
PREGNANCY-INDUCED CHANGES INASTHMA CONTROL As a consequence of pregnancy-associated immunological and clinical changes, asthma improves in approximately one-third, remains the same in another one-third, and worsens in one-third during gravidity, but the underlying immunological mechanisms are mostly unknown and biomarkers predicting deterioration are lacking. However, there are some clinical signs that can draw the attention of the treating physician. The risk of asthma worsening during pregnancy increases with disease severity before pregnancy, and there is a concordance between the courses of asthma during consecutive pregnancies.47Similarly, asthma-specific quality of life in early pregnancy is related to subsequent asthma morbidity during pregnancy.48Asthma exacerbations are more common and more severe in pregnant women who smoke.49Interestingly, female foetuses also cause greater risk for worsening symptoms13,50and IUGR.13,51Obesity is associated both with asthma exacerbations and non-pulmonary complications during pregnancy (e.g. preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension).4Lower prevalence of naive T cells observed in obese compared to non-obese asthmatic pregnant patients may be a sign of dysfunctional pregnancyinduced immune tolerance in obese patients.13
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