Table 4
The influences of the economic impacts of the casino gambling.
Items of economic impacts Mean SD No. Mean SD No. t-Value
Increase of residents' income
(Eco1)
5.11 1.40 8 4.12 1.27 10 10.537**
Rise in local employment rate
(Eco2)
5.26 1.29 5 4.39 1.30 7 9.664**
Increase in visitors'
consumption (Eco3)
5.40 1.21 3 4.71 1.28 2 7.908**
The prices of consuming goods
go up (Eco4)
5.23 1.31 7 4.45 1.21 6 8.869**
The competition among
enterprises is enhanced
(Eco5)
5.01 1.32 9 4.38 1.30 8 6.892**
The development of related
industries is driven (Eco6)
5.25 1.13 6 4.69 1.16 3 7.004**
The price of real estate is rising
(Eco7)
5.48 1.75 1 4.63 1.59 5 7.282**
Small and medium enterprises
are gradually bankrupted
(Eco8)
3.83 1.85 12 3.60 1.38 12 1.984*
The job options for young
people are narrowed (Eco9)
4.42 1.93 11 3.84 1.39 11 4.953**
Increase of commodity prices
(Eco10)
5.32 1.71 4 4.66 1.46 4 6.000**
There is a shortage of materials
and services (Eco11)
4.57 1.92 10 4.38 1.36 9 1.669
Inflation is getting worse
(Eco12)
5.47 1.66 2 4.79 1.41 1 6.331**
ps e *p < .05; **p < .01.
Table 5
The influences of environmental impacts of casino gambling.
Items of environmental impacts Mean SD No. Mean SD No. t-Value
The infrastructure is being
completed (Env1)
5.13 1.25 2 4.89 1.19 3 2.855**
Public transportation is more
convenient (Env2)
5.07 1.36 4 5.10 1.09 1 .357
The travel spots are being
increased (Env3)
5.13 1.08 1 4.94 1.01 2 2.728**
The night scenes are becoming
attractive (Env4)
5.09 1.14 3 4.68 1.16 4 5.209**
The noise pollution is getting
worse (Env5)
4.71 1.93 8 4.49 1.39 6 1.904
The air quality is being lowered
(Env6)
4.85 1.80 7 4.32 1.28 8 4.821**
The expansion of casinos
harasses the residents (Env7)
4.30 1.96 11 4.04 1.32 9 2.163*
Traffic jams in downtown are
getting worse (Env8)
5.04 1.81 5 4.52 1.30 5 4.681**
Casinos are causing overloading
within public facilities (Env9)
4.97 1.86 6 4.38 1.36 7 5.210**
The environment is polluted
(Env10)
4.41 1.97 10 4.03 1.28 10 3.250**
The trash is becoming greater
(Env11)
4.51 2.00 9 3.95 1.31 11 4.747**
The number of abandoned pets
is getting higher (Env12)
3.80 1.71 12 3.57 1.27 12 2.134*
ps e*p < .05; **p < .01.
Table 3
The influences of social impacts caused by casino gambling.
Items of social conditions Mean SD No. Mean SD No. t-Value
The overall image
is better (Soc1)
5.03 1.19 4 4.44 1.11 3 7.404**
The sense of superiority
of residents is rising
(Soc2)
4.75 1.40 6 4.15 1.20 6 6.554**
The social benefit is
better (Soc3)
5.05 1.17 3 4.25 .99 5 10.639**
The efficiency of government
management is improved
(Soc4)
4.50 1.28 8 4.30 1.01 4 2.519*
Prestige is promoted (Soc5) 5.55 1.12 2 4.93 1.19 1 7.699**
There are more foreign
workers (Soc6)
5.60 1.53 1 4.75 1.42 2 8.277**
Public security is becoming
worse (Soc7)
4.31 1.98 10 3.92 1.25 8 3.396**
There are more problem
gamblers (Soc8)
4.59 1.96 7 3.96 1.41 7 5.295**
There is an increase in the
number of criminals (Soc9)
4.23 1.95 11 3.71 1.20 11 4.556**
Prostitution is increasing (Soc10) 4.16 1.99 12 3.67 1.29 12 4.242**
Work time is unfixed (Soc11) 4.76 1.96 5 3.86 1.41 9 7.592**
Social values are distorted
(Soc12)
4.44 1.96 9 3.80 1.34 10 5.492**
ps. *p < .05; **p < .01.
S.-T. Wu, Y.-S. Chen / Tourism Management 48 (2015) 285e298 291