writing is a particularly complex and difficult task. the writer must master the dialectical of writen english; the stylistic requirements of the various forms of written discourse; and the mechanics of handwriting, punctuation, and spelling. Skillful writing also requires the ability to monitor and regulate the composing process. A variety of cognitive activities, including planning, translating, reviewing, and revising, must be managed and orchestrated, and the writer must be able to switch attention between these functions and a variety of mechanical and substantive concerns. these activities require the writer to automatize a vast array of skills so that he or she can execute them with little conscious attention and focus attention on a number of ongoing and competing tasks without any serious lapses or interference