more concerned with appropriate behaviour in relation to others, and more emotionally restrained. They are more socially and psychologically dependent on others and they form a big network of relationships. They support respect for parents, tradition, duty, obliga- tions, and the getting of wisdom. Scholarship is the most important criterion for membership in the highest social class. Therefore, it brings power, prestige, and wealth The Chinese are also more concerned with freedom. Australians, as compared with the Chinese, are more in ally centred. with and ranked self related values and excitement(happiness, inner harmony, exciting life as more important, and they emphasized affiliate and altruistic values(being cheerful, forgiving, helpful and loving).