The demand function for household fuelwood is assumed to be
independent of energy wood and primary energy prices. The
reason for this simplification is that in low income countries
household fuelwood is often used for cooking and cannot be
replaced by fossil fuels, which would require investments in new
stoves (Arnold et al., 2010; IARC, 2010; May-Tobin, 2011). Hence,
fossil fuels are not substitutes for household fuelwood in developing countries where most household fuelwood consumption
occurs. Moreover, household fuelwood is often woody biomass
that is not used for energy wood for technical or economic
reasons, that is, unrecovered logging residues. Hence, household
fuelwood does not have a direct connection to fossil fuels or largescale energy wood markets.