Artificial reefs were deployed within the Golfe-Juan marine protected area (Alpes-Maritimes coast,
France, Northwestern Mediterranean) created in 1981. This no-take area is fully protected since its
establishment, except in 2004 when some anthropic activities were, exceptionally, authorized.
Moreover, no park rangers to prevent poaching since 2002 occur. In order to carry out a long term
monitoring of the artificial reef fish assemblages, underwater visual censuses (UVC) were carried out
in 1988, 1998 and 2008, according to a traditional standardized visual census method that taken into
account all fish species. The complexification of some large reefs built with wide voide spaces called
Bonna reefs appear to be a good solution to increase species richness and density. Species richness
and density of the fish assemblages showed significant increase between 1988 and 1998. However
the fast increasing was stopped from 1998 and 2008 probably due to a lack of law enforcement and
poaching. Despite artificial reefs were deployed in MPA since at least 20 years, they did not show a
real positive impact on fish assemblages. These results could be explained (i) by a lack of law
enforcement patrol within the protected areas during the last decade, and (ii) by the one-year opening
to fishing activities within MPA. The real effectiveness of the artificial reefs in sustaining fish
assemblages is discussed and the necessity of a regular and efficient control by park rangers is
highlighted.
Artificial reefs were deployed within the Golfe-Juan marine protected area (Alpes-Maritimes coast,France, Northwestern Mediterranean) created in 1981. This no-take area is fully protected since itsestablishment, except in 2004 when some anthropic activities were, exceptionally, authorized.Moreover, no park rangers to prevent poaching since 2002 occur. In order to carry out a long termmonitoring of the artificial reef fish assemblages, underwater visual censuses (UVC) were carried outin 1988, 1998 and 2008, according to a traditional standardized visual census method that taken intoaccount all fish species. The complexification of some large reefs built with wide voide spaces calledBonna reefs appear to be a good solution to increase species richness and density. Species richnessand density of the fish assemblages showed significant increase between 1988 and 1998. Howeverthe fast increasing was stopped from 1998 and 2008 probably due to a lack of law enforcement andpoaching. Despite artificial reefs were deployed in MPA since at least 20 years, they did not show areal positive impact on fish assemblages. These results could be explained (i) by a lack of lawenforcement patrol within the protected areas during the last decade, and (ii) by the one-year openingto fishing activities within MPA. The real effectiveness of the artificial reefs in sustaining fishassemblages is discussed and the necessity of a regular and efficient control by park rangers ishighlighted.
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