punching failure mode in specimen LB. To avoid similar failures in the other specimens the bearing pad and plate were oriented with the 30 in. (760 mm) dimension parallel with span length. In this orientation, load was applied directly above the web.
punching failure mode in specimen LB. To avoid similarfailures in the other specimens the bearing pad and platewere oriented with the 30 in. (760 mm) dimension parallelwith span length. In this orientation, load was applieddirectly above the web.