13.3 (303)
ETHICAL THEORIES
For the purposes of studying ethics and leadership, ethical theories can be
thought of as falling within two broad domains : theories about leaders'
conMcï and theories about leaders'c]iaracter (see Table 13. 1). Stated another way, ethical theories are about the actions of leaders, on the one hand, and who they are as people, on the other. Throughout the chapter, our
discussions about ethics and leadership will always fall within one of these two
domains.
Ethical theories that deal with the gonduct · of1eaders are in tum divided
into two kinds : theories that stress the conseqttenees of leaders'actions,
and those that emphasize the auty or rules governing leaders'actions (see
Table 13. 1). Teleological theories, from the Greek word telos, meaning
"ends"or"purposes,"try to answer questions about right and wrong by
focusing on whether an individuaYs conduct will produce desirable
consequences. The question,"wHat is right?"from the teleological perspective
is answered by looking at results-at the outcomes. In effect, the
consequences of an individual's actions determine the goodness or badness of
a particular behavior.
In assessing consequences, there are three different approaches to making
decisions regarding moral conduct (see Figure 13. 1). One is ethical egoìsm,
which states that an individual should act so as to create the greatest good
for herself or himself. A leader with this orientation would take a job or
that he or she selfishly enj oys (Avolio & Locke, 2002). Self-interest
is an ethical stance closely related to transactional leadership theories
& Steidlmeier, 1999). Ethical egoism is cornmon in some businesscontexts in which a company and its'employees make decisions in ways that will achieve its goal of maximizing profits. For example, midlevel,
upward-aspiring manager who wants her team to be the best in the company could be described as acting out of ethical egoism.
13.3 (303)
ETHICAL THEORIES
For the purposes of studying ethics and leadership, ethical theories can be
thought of as falling within two broad domains : theories about leaders'
conMcï and theories about leaders'c]iaracter (see Table 13. 1). Stated another way, ethical theories are about the actions of leaders, on the one hand, and who they are as people, on the other. Throughout the chapter, our
discussions about ethics and leadership will always fall within one of these two
domains.
Ethical theories that deal with the gonduct · of1eaders are in tum divided
into two kinds : theories that stress the conseqttenees of leaders'actions,
and those that emphasize the auty or rules governing leaders'actions (see
Table 13. 1). Teleological theories, from the Greek word telos, meaning
"ends"or"purposes,"try to answer questions about right and wrong by
focusing on whether an individuaYs conduct will produce desirable
consequences. The question,"wHat is right?"from the teleological perspective
is answered by looking at results-at the outcomes. In effect, the
consequences of an individual's actions determine the goodness or badness of
a particular behavior.
In assessing consequences, there are three different approaches to making
decisions regarding moral conduct (see Figure 13. 1). One is ethical egoìsm,
which states that an individual should act so as to create the greatest good
for herself or himself. A leader with this orientation would take a job or
that he or she selfishly enj oys (Avolio & Locke, 2002). Self-interest
is an ethical stance closely related to transactional leadership theories
& Steidlmeier, 1999). Ethical egoism is cornmon in some businesscontexts in which a company and its'employees make decisions in ways that will achieve its goal of maximizing profits. For example, midlevel,
upward-aspiring manager who wants her team to be the best in the company could be described as acting out of ethical egoism.
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