The appendicular skeleton
The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones and includes the two limb girdles – the pectoral girdle (or shoulder) and the pelvic girdle (or pelvis) – and their attached limb bones, which comprise the upper and lower extremities. The appendicular skeleton is joined to the axial skeleton at the two girdles.
The shoulders and upper limbs are made up of 64 bones. There are two bones in each shoulder: the clavicle (collarbone) and scapula (shoulder-blade); three in each arm – the humerus (upper-arm bone) and the radius and ulna (forearm bones); eight carpals in each wrist; five metacarpals in each palm; and 14 phalanges in the digits of each hand (two in each thumb and three in each finger).
The pelvic girdle consists of two innominate (hip) bones. There are 30 bones in each of the lower limbs: a femur (thigh-bone), a patella (kneecap), and tibia and fibula (lower-leg bones) in each leg; seven tarsals in the ankle, heel, and back part of the foot; five metatarsals in the middle of each foot; and 14 phalanges in the toes (two in each big toe and three in each other toe).