The line-to-neutral voltage has a peak value Em, A large filter inductance L is connected in series the with the load, so that current remains essentially E1 ripple-free. Although the load is represented by a po resistance R, in reality it is always a useful energy K consuming device and not a heat-dissipating resis- D ton. Thus, the load may be a de motor, a large mag- ra net, or an electroplating bath. This simple rectifier up has some serious drawbacks. but it provides a goo