Practices here refers to the actual actions that farmers took to
control their pest and disease problems. For each selected photograph
of a pest or disease, farmers were asked if they tried to
control it, and what methods they used if they did. Farmers were
also asked to list the names of all pesticide products they had
applied on their field, to estimate the number of times they had
sprayed and the amount they had used per spray on average.
Pesticide products were identified and the percentage of active
ingredients recorded. These data were used to calculate the total quantity of pesticides applied, expressed in kg of active ingredients
per planted area in hectare. Farmers were also asked how they
handled pesticides, including the type of protective gear they
commonly used and whether they regularly mixed different pesticides
together.