Muslims make up the second largest minority group in Thailand after the ethnic Chinese population And while some Thai Muslims are ethnically Persian cham (Cambodian Muslim) Bengali Indian Pakistan and Chinese most are Malay a predominantly Muslim ethnic group living in the Malay peninsula and parts of Sumatra Borneo and Malaysia Although Thailand's Muslims live in different parts of the country Malay Muslims live mainly in Thailand's southern province of Pattani Yala naratiwat songkhla and satun bordering Malaysia