PROBLEM DESCRION AND ASSUMPTIONS
We consider the problem of connecting continents or islands (or landmasses)by submarine fiber-optic cables wherin the water body separating the landmasses is susceptible to natu-ral disasters ln this stdy we present a protected connection between the landmasses by connecting each pair of communi-caing nodes by two submarine fiber-tic cables
We consider the problem of the best way to connect nodes located on the beaches of the land parts (or islands) as shown in Fig The assumption that the nodes are located on the beaches is made for ease of exposition but without loss of gen-erality Allowing the nodes to be located inland will require considerations of different costs for laying and repairing cables