Many concepts of health are culturally defined; among them, caring is a cultural phenomenon in which nurses interact with individuals and groups. Culture-based knowledge and interventions are needed to provide effective nursing care. It is
necessary to consider the cultural aspects of a family, a group, and a community when imple- menting nursing activity and making health care decisions. Without an understanding of culture, it is difficult to establish the appropriateness of the nursing phenomena (Leininger, 1995).