treatment among patients in both groups immediately after
the first treatment session, 1 day after the last treatment
session and 2 weeks after the last treatment session (paired
t-test, p<0.05) except for the PPTin the PT group (Table 2). A
comparison of the adjusted post-test values of each assessment
time point for all outcome measures between the TTM
and PT groups indicated a significant improvement in these
parameters in the TTM group except for the STAI (immediate
and long term effect) (ANCOVA, p < 0.05) (Table 3).
Patient satisfaction
Four out of the 10 patients from the TTM group reported
that they were “most satisfied” with their assigned treatment.
The remaining six patients indicated that they were
“very satisfied” with their treatment. For the PT group, the
majority (7 patients) reported that they were “satisfied”.
Two patients rated their satisfaction with treatment as
“very satisfied” and one patient rated his/her satisfaction
with treatment as “not satisfied” (Table 4).
Side effects
During the treatment period, all patients from both groups
reported no side effects (Table 4).
Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the
therapeutic effect of TTM on patients with SCS. The findings
of the present study suggest that TTM on the scapular
region is effective in treatment of SCS, manifesting as
a decrease in pain intensity, muscle tension and anxiety
and an increase in PPT. These improvements remained for
up to 2 weeks (Tables 2 and 3).
These findings are consistent with those of Buttagat
et al. (2011) that TTM can decrease pain intensity, muscle
tension and anxiety and increase PPT in patients with back
pain associated with MTrPs. Chatchawan et al. (2005)
revealed that TTM can decrease pain intensity and
increase PPT in patients with back pain associated with
MTrPs. In addition, Mackawan et al. (2007) reported that
TTM can temporarily relieve pain (decrease in the pain
intensity and level of substance P which is a neuropeptide
that has an important role in nociceptive signal
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