The research on which this paper is based was conducted between October 2000 and October 2001. The research employed a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Nineteen (19) ethnographic interviews were conducted among five UK project-based organisations to reveal contextually rich descriptions about the nature of KM in these organisations. These organisations include private and public sector organisations from diverse backgrounds, including construction, manufacturing and housing industries. Small, medium and large organisations were targeted. Each organisation arranged for 3-4 people to be interviewed on an individual basis. The interviewees were chosen from senior management, middle management and junior level personnel. These interviews conducted served as multiple case studies. Table 1 presents a profile of the project-based organisations that participated in the ethnographic interviews, stating their current turnover, number of employees and main area of business. The number of interviewees from each organisation is specified and their general job title is given. To supplement these findings postal questionnaires were distributed to project-based organisations in UK construction, manufacturing, aerospace and the utilities. Fifty-five (55) usable questionnaires were received. Of these, 40 were from the construction industry. The interviews were analysed using the NVIVO software package that assisted in establishing relationships between variables. The postal questionnaires were analysed statistically using the SPSS software package.