The availability of alternative electron acceptors like Fe3+ and Mn4+ may form a bottleneck to anaerobic SOM
mineralization and thereby NH4
+-release in flooded paddy soils. We assessed the influence of availability of soil
Fe and Mn on anaerobic N mineralization in lab incubation experiments. Collected paddy soils from
Bangladesh either untreated, amended with Fe2O3, or with Mn/Al mixed oxides were anaerobically incubated.
In a first 8 weeks incubation with 5 treatments from a long-term field experiment (control, N, NP, NPK and
N + FYM) we found no considerable differences in evolution of soil solution Fe and Mn between the control
and Fe2O3 treated soils. Whereas, the soil solution contents of Fe were lower and Mn were higher in Mn/Al
mixed oxide treated soils. Similar observations were made for dissolved Fe andMn in a second 10-week incubation
experiment with four farmers field soils. Evolution of KCl-extractableNH4
+ was not affected byMn4+ or Fe3+
application and we therefore conclude that availability of electron acceptors was not limiting release of NH4
+ in
the studied soils. The large and rapid increase of exchangeable-NH4
+ at the onset of the incubations provoked
the questionwhether part of it derived fromrelease of fixed-NH4
+. A third experiment revealed, however, instead
a small significant increase of the fixed-NH4
+within fourweeks. In addition, the microbial biomass carbon already
plateaued after twoweeks. Both results suggest that releasedmineral Nwasmainly derived frombiotic anaerobic
Nmineralization and not fromdefixation ofNH4
+. Finally,while not directly dependent on Fe andMn application,
therewas a remarkable convergence in the buildup of soil exchangeable-NH4
+and soil solution Fe concentrations.
This warrants further investigation and still suggests involvement of reductive Fe and Mn-oxide dissolution in
NH4
+-release, e.g. through release of bound organic N after reduction of these oxides.
The availability of alternative electron acceptors like Fe3+ and Mn4+ may form a bottleneck to anaerobic SOMmineralization and thereby NH4+-release in flooded paddy soils. We assessed the influence of availability of soilFe and Mn on anaerobic N mineralization in lab incubation experiments. Collected paddy soils fromBangladesh either untreated, amended with Fe2O3, or with Mn/Al mixed oxides were anaerobically incubated.In a first 8 weeks incubation with 5 treatments from a long-term field experiment (control, N, NP, NPK andN + FYM) we found no considerable differences in evolution of soil solution Fe and Mn between the controland Fe2O3 treated soils. Whereas, the soil solution contents of Fe were lower and Mn were higher in Mn/Almixed oxide treated soils. Similar observations were made for dissolved Fe andMn in a second 10-week incubationexperiment with four farmers field soils. Evolution of KCl-extractableNH4+ was not affected byMn4+ or Fe3+application and we therefore conclude that availability of electron acceptors was not limiting release of NH4+ inthe studied soils. The large and rapid increase of exchangeable-NH4+ at the onset of the incubations provokedthe questionwhether part of it derived fromrelease of fixed-NH4+. A third experiment revealed, however, insteada small significant increase of the fixed-NH4+within fourweeks. In addition, the microbial biomass carbon alreadyplateaued after twoweeks. Both results suggest that releasedmineral Nwasmainly derived frombiotic anaerobicNmineralization and not fromdefixation ofNH4+. Finally,while not directly dependent on Fe andMn application,therewas a remarkable convergence in the buildup of soil exchangeable-NH4+and soil solution Fe concentrations.This warrants further investigation and still suggests involvement of reductive Fe and Mn-oxide dissolution inNH4+-release, e.g. through release of bound organic N after reduction of these oxides.
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