or formal diagnostic criteria, prompting the first nationally representative study of child in the United States using standardized diagnostics.
Shreeram etal. (2009) found a 4.45% prevalence rate among children ages 8 to 11.
The rate were significantly higher boys (6.21%) than girls (2.51%).
Lower rates were found in the 11-year-old children compared with the 8-year-olds.
Higher rates were found in Black youth. Additionally, the study found only 36% of children with enuresis had received health care services for the condition.