e performed brain imaging studies as well as angiographic and cardiac examinations in 81 consecutive patients (64 men and 17 women, age 65.8 ± 9.9 years) with carotid TIAs. We evaluated risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, alcohol consumption, and smoking), potential cardiac sources of emboli, and arterial stenosis ≥50% in diameter in the carotid or middle cerebral arteries. Recent infarcts were assessed with CT or MRI. We correlated duration of symptoms with clinical data.