Introduction
According to World Health Organization definition Infertility
is ‘‘a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure
to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected
sexual activities”. Infertility in a couple who have never
had a child is known as primary infertility. Failure to conceive
following a previous pregnancy is known as secondary infertility.
Infertility may be caused by infection in the man or woman.
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) has been developed
as new methods of infertility treatments [1]. The latest method
is stem cell applications for the purpose of infertility treatment
and in vitro production of gametes [2,3].
Recent studies showed that a good alternative for the production
of germ cells in the laboratory is adult stem cell
obtained from human endometrial tissue with its pluripotent
characteristics. To date, hEnSCs differentiation to germ cell –
like cells has not offered and this study presents a novel hypothesis
of germ cell – like cells differentiation with its markers
expression both in ICC and real-time PCR for the first time.
The fibrin gel would preserve a suitable 3D hydrogel structure
as a viscoelastic material. Viability of differentiated cells
will be examined through MTT test, in order to prove no evidence
of toxicity. To have the microstructure of fibrin as a 3D
mesh, SEM images will be taken in which nano-fibers cross
and entangle with high porosity for nutrient transfer and cell
penetration. Finally immunohistochemistry will show that differentiated
hEnSCs to germ cell – like cells reserve their nature
as positive expression of DAZL and DDX4 markers were evident
in suspended cells after 7 days in culture.