IAll participants were provided with routine postnatal support, counselling, and information services provided by the hospital, including access to routine hospital domiciliary home-visiting services. Patients allocated to the intervention group also received a series of structured home visits undertaken by one of two certified nurse-midwives. The format of the visits, done 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months after birth, is summarised in panel 1. Each visit lasted 1–4 h. The midwives were able to contact the obstetrician associated with the teenage pregnancy clinic if urgent advice was required on a particular situation during a home visit. As a result, appointments or referrals could be made on behalf of mother or child.