A B S T R A C T
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are commonly used as nonreactive plasticisers in vinyl plastics to increase
the
flexibility of plastic polymers. Numerous studies have indicated that the PAEs as a class of
endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In addition, the studies have also shown that a major source of
human exposure to phthalates is the diet. To date, the largest problem in PAEs analysis is the high
blank value because PAEs are widely used in various applications and products. To overcome this
shortcoming, gas purge microsyringe extraction (GP-MSE) was applied, which established a new and
low-blank-value analytical method for PAE analysis to analyse PAEs in foodstuffs. In this study, GP-
MSE was used as a clean-up method, and the overall recoveries ranged from 85.7 to 102.6%, and the
RSD was less than 10%. More importantly, this method can overcome the problem of the high blank
value in PAE analysis. This method was applied for measuring PAEs in 78 foodstuffs. The results
showed that a wide variety of PAE concentrations were found in the different groups, and the
content of PAEs (varies from 658 to 1610 ng g1 fresh weight) is greatest in seafood. The
concentrations were in the following order: DEHP > DBP > DEP
DMP > BBP
DNOP. Finally, the daily
A B S T R A C TPhthalate esters (PAEs) are commonly used as nonreactive plasticisers in vinyl plastics to increasetheflexibility of plastic polymers. Numerous studies have indicated that the PAEs as a class ofendocrine-disrupting chemicals. In addition, the studies have also shown that a major source ofhuman exposure to phthalates is the diet. To date, the largest problem in PAEs analysis is the highblank value because PAEs are widely used in various applications and products. To overcome thisshortcoming, gas purge microsyringe extraction (GP-MSE) was applied, which established a new andlow-blank-value analytical method for PAE analysis to analyse PAEs in foodstuffs. In this study, GP-MSE was used as a clean-up method, and the overall recoveries ranged from 85.7 to 102.6%, and theRSD was less than 10%. More importantly, this method can overcome the problem of the high blankvalue in PAE analysis. This method was applied for measuring PAEs in 78 foodstuffs. The resultsshowed that a wide variety of PAE concentrations were found in the different groups, and thecontent of PAEs (varies from 658 to 1610 ng g1 fresh weight) is greatest in seafood. Theconcentrations were in the following order: DEHP > DBP > DEPDMP > BBPDNOP. Finally, the daily
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