Although ICAO deals primarily in multilateral arrangements to establish an international framework, much has been done to encourage states to assist each other on bilateral basis. Annex 17 encourages States to have a security clause in their air transport agreements and model clause has been made available.
Commencing in late 2002, ICAO’s Universal security Audit Programme is auditing the implementation of Annex 17 provisions by Contracting States. In addition to helping States improve their aviation security systems by identifying deficiencies and providing suitable recommendations, the audits are expected to provide useful feedback concerning the provisions in Annex 17.