On alkali soils the economic return from agroforestry is not as high as on normal alluvial soils of the Indo-Gangetic plain [24]. But the soil amelior- ation, an important intangible benefit of alkali land plantations, has not been accounted for in the economic analysis. Patel [20, 21] has reported a higher economic return from high density plantations of Prosopisjuliflora in degraded soils. But the economic viability of close planting in alkali soils with the required soil amendment is doubtful. The economic return from agroforestry in the present study comes in various stages. The intermediate products comprise fuelwood from the pruning and thinning of trees, grasses and pods. The current average price of fuelwood from pruning and thinning is Rs 300/- (17.67 US$ eq.) per mt. The final products at the completion of a 15-year rotation comprises timber and fuelwood, and the current average price of wood from a final harvest is Rs 400/- (23.56 US$ eq.) per mt. The price of grasses with cutting has been taken as Rs 100/- (5.89 US$ eq.) per mt and that of pods Rs 250/- (14.72 US$ eq.) per mt. The collection cost of pods has been taken as Rs 120/- (7.07 US$ eq.) per mt. An economic analysis of the cash flow (Table 5) indicates an internal rate of return of 9.5% which is considered a good economic return from alkali soils and which is viable within the economic structure of the region. Other social benefits such as the restoration of soil fertility and the agricultural stability of neighbouring farmlands have not been taken into account in the economic analysis.