Anthropogenicactivitiescanincreaset

Anthropogenicactivitiescanincreasethesalinityoffreshwatersandthismaycausestressforfishand
affectmetalbioavailability.Oxidativestressbiomarkersareofgreatinterestduetotheirresponsesto
environmentalstressorswhichprovidevaluabledataforbiologicalmonitoringofaquaticpollution.
Thus,theindividualandcombinedeffectsofsalinityandmetals(Cr,Pb)wereinvestigatedintheliver
of freshwaterfish Oreochromisniloticus in thepresentstudy.Fishwereexposedtosalinity(2and8ppt)
alone andsalinityþmetal(1 mg/mL PbandCr)combinationexposuresfor0,1,7and14daysand
subsequentlyantioxidantenzymes(superoxidedismutase,SOD;glutathioneperoxidase,GPX;glu-
tathionereductase,GRandglutathioneS-transferase,GST)activitiesandglutathione(GSH)levelsinthe
liver weremeasured.Datashowedthatalltheparametersvariedinrelationtometalspecies,exposure
durationsandsalinitylevels.Profoundalterationsonthemeasuredparametersweredetectedatthe
lower salinitycomparedtothehigherone.Salinityincreaseeffectivelystimulatedtheantioxidant
parameters.Theeffectsofsalinityandmetalsonthemeasuredparametersincreasedastheexposure
durationprolonged.SODwasthemostaffectedantioxidantparameterfrombothsalinityandmetals.
Because metalandsalinitystressesaffectfishantioxidantsystem,thisworksuggeststhatthechemistry
of freshwatersshouldbetakenintoaccountinnaturalmonitoringformetalcontaminationinthefield.

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

Anthropogenicactivitiescanincreasethesalinityoffreshwatersandthismaycausestressforfishandaffectmetalbioavailability Oxidativestressbiomarkersareofgreatinterestduetotheirresponsestoenvironmentalstressorswhichprovidevaluabledataforbiologicalmonitoringofaquaticpollutionดังนั้น theindividualandcombinedeffectsofsalinityandmetals (Cr, Pb) wereinvestigatedintheliverของ freshwaterfish Oreochromisniloticus ใน thepresentstudy Fishwereexposedtosalinity(2and8ppt)combinationexposuresfor0 andsalinityþmetal คนเดียว (1 mg/mL PbandCr) 1, 7and14daysandsubsequentlyantioxidantenzymes (superoxidedismutase สด glutathioneperoxidase, GPX, glu-tathionereductase, GRandglutathioneS-transferase, GST) levelsinthe activitiesandglutathione (GSH)weremeasured ตับ Datashowedthatalltheparametersvariedinrelationtometalspecies แสงdurationsandsalinitylevels Profoundalterationsonthemeasuredparametersweredetectedatthesalinitycomparedtothehigherone ล่าง Salinityincreaseeffectivelystimulatedtheantioxidantพารามิเตอร์ Theeffectsofsalinityandmetalsonthemeasuredparametersincreasedastheexposuredurationprolonged SODwasthemostaffectedantioxidantparameterfrombothsalinityandmetalsเนื่องจาก metalandsalinitystressesaffectfishantioxidantsystem, thisworksuggeststhatthechemistryของ freshwatersshouldbetakenintoaccountinnaturalmonitoringformetalcontaminationinthefield

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

freshwaterfish จารวีเอีใน thepresentstudy.Fishwereexposedtosalinity (2and8ppt) เพียงอย่างเดียวandsalinityþmetal (1 มิลลิกรัม / มิลลิลิตร metalandsalinitystressesaffectfishantioxidantsystem, thisworksuggeststhatthechemistry ของ freshwatersshouldbetakenintoaccountinnaturalmonitoringformetalcontaminationinthefield

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 3:

anthropogenicactivitiescanincreasethesalinityoffreshwatersandthismaycausestressforfishand
affectmetalbioavailability . oxidativestressbiomarkersareofgreatinterestduetotheirresponsesto environmentalstressorswhichprovidevaluabledataforbiologicalmonitoringofaquaticpollution
.
ดังนั้น theindividualandcombinedeffectsofsalinityandmetals ( Cr , Pb ) wereinvestigatedintheliver
ของ freshwaterfish oreochromisniloticus ใน thepresentstudy . fishwereexposedtosalinity ( 2and8ppt )
อยู่คนเดียวและความเค็มþโลหะ ( 1 mg / ml pbandcr ) combinationexposuresfor0,1,7and14daysand
subsequentlyantioxidantenzymes ( superoxidedismutase ข่าวสด glutathioneperoxidase GPX ; , ; , ซึ่ง --
tathionereductase ของ grandglutathiones , , GST ) activitiesandglutathione ( GSH ) levelsinthe
ตับโดย .datashowedthatalltheparametersvariedinrelationtometalspecies แสง

ลด durationsandsalinitylevels . profoundalterationsonthemeasuredparametersweredetectedatthe salinitycomparedtothehigherone พารามิเตอร์ salinityincreaseeffectivelystimulatedtheantioxidant theeffectsofsalinityandmetalsonthemeasuredparametersincreasedastheexposure

durationprolonged .เพราะ metalandsalinitystressesaffectfishantioxidantsystem sodwasthemostaffectedantioxidantparameterfrombothsalinityandmetals .
,
thisworksuggeststhatthechemistry ของ freshwatersshouldbetakenintoaccountinnaturalmonitoringformetalcontaminationinthefield .