Significantly, microalgal cultivation systems can be tightly controlled and optimized. Temperature, pH, and nutrient and CO2
concentrations can be monitored and optimized for maximum biomass and oil yields [57]. Light, CO2 and inorganic salts are indispensable. Microalgae convert the sunlight energy into chemical energy. Simultaneously, CO2 is fixed and transferred to carboncontaining compounds, such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Therefore, the CO2 fixation capacity reflects in the microalgae biomass.