spatial hot spots that were observed, we next analyzed the
association between iodine intake and the main source of
household drinking water for sources utilized by at least 50
households. Fig. 3 shows the main household water source
ordered by water source, with surface water sources followed by
shallow dug wells, deeper drilled boreholes, tanker/cart, and
berkad (a water storage construction widely used in Somalia).
The data show the relation between the main source of household
water and the UIC of household members. Consumption of water
sources of unknown origin, that is, water stored in berkads or
fromdonkey carts or tankers, was associated with an intermediate
UIC. A comparison of UICs of individuals from households that
use water from boreholes against those that use any other main
water source revealed a higher iodine intake in SAC (569 vs. 385
mg/L; Mann-Whitney, P = 0.001) and in women (430 vs. 282
mg/L; Mann-Whitney, P < 0.001).