4.2. Types of cheeses
Cheese was the food selected for the screening and isolation of
GABA-producing lactic acid bacteria, although other food samples
were also proposed. Several Spanish fermented sausages such as
chorizo or ‘longaniza’ and dairy products like yoghurts, butter milk
or cream also contain a variety of lactic acid strains, which has been
added as culture starters. The homemade cheeses contain only wild
strains, which show a wide range of metabolic activities and
diverge greatly from the strains that are used as industrial culture
starters (Klijn, Weerkamp, & de Vos, 1995) in fermented food
products. In this study, in which 58 artisan cheeses were analyzed,
we obtained a total of 65 positive strains of GABA production from
23 different cheeses. Among them, 10 strains resulted to be high
GABA-producing. The type of cheese also plays a crucial role in the
quality of metabolic strains, particularly the use of raw milk for
manufacturing processes in which the craft is natural seeding. In
this study, strains of sheep, goat or mixture cheese had more GABAproducing
capacity than those of cow (Table 1). In the study reported
by Siragusa et al. (2007) sheep ripened cheeses contained
the highest levels of GABA and the highest GABA-producing LAB
strains. This may be due to the dry-matter content, which is one of
the factors that influence the suitability of milk for making cheese.
Dry-matter content varies by race, the individual, lactation period
and species. The type of microbial flora of the animal itself and
access to them from different sources (udder, air, water washing,
staff and milking equipment) also characterize the different types
of cheeses. Therefore, the isolation of wild-type strains from
traditional products to be used as functional
4.2. Types of cheesesCheese was the food selected for the screening and isolation ofGABA-producing lactic acid bacteria, although other food sampleswere also proposed. Several Spanish fermented sausages such aschorizo or ‘longaniza’ and dairy products like yoghurts, butter milkor cream also contain a variety of lactic acid strains, which has beenadded as culture starters. The homemade cheeses contain only wildstrains, which show a wide range of metabolic activities anddiverge greatly from the strains that are used as industrial culturestarters (Klijn, Weerkamp, & de Vos, 1995) in fermented foodproducts. In this study, in which 58 artisan cheeses were analyzed,we obtained a total of 65 positive strains of GABA production from23 different cheeses. Among them, 10 strains resulted to be highGABA-producing. The type of cheese also plays a crucial role in thequality of metabolic strains, particularly the use of raw milk formanufacturing processes in which the craft is natural seeding. Inthis study, strains of sheep, goat or mixture cheese had more GABAproducingcapacity than those of cow (Table 1). In the study reportedby Siragusa et al. (2007) sheep ripened cheeses containedthe highest levels of GABA and the highest GABA-producing LABstrains. This may be due to the dry-matter content, which is one ofthe factors that influence the suitability of milk for making cheese.Dry-matter content varies by race, the individual, lactation periodand species. The type of microbial flora of the animal itself andaccess to them from different sources (udder, air, water washing,staff and milking equipment) also characterize the different typesof cheeses. Therefore, the isolation of wild-type strains fromtraditional products to be used as functional
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