Curriculum
As described in the beginning of this chapter, curriculum documents (standards) have a significant influence on what is taught, and even how it is taught. In addition, the textbook is a very influential factor in determining the what, when, and how of actual teaching. What is becoming increasingly complicated is how teachers and school systems attempt to align existing textbooks or other curriculum materials with the Common Core State Standards, Curriculum Focal Points, or other key documents.
Textbooks greatly influence teaching practice. A teacher using one textbook may be more likely to cover many topics, spend one day on topic, use a teacher-directed instructional approach, and focus on procedures. Using a different textbook ( that is more standards-based), a teacher may devote more time to a concept, teach it more deeply, and use a student-centered approach. Writing, speaking, working in groups, and problem solving are more likely to be commonplace components in current curriculum offerings. The selection of curriculum materials is an important endeavor.
In Section II of this book you will find features describing activities from two standards-based (problem-solving oriented) curriculum programs: Inuestigations in Number, Data, and Space (Grades K-5) and Connected Mathematics Project (Grades 6-8). These features are included to offer you some insight into how a textbook can support your implementation of the standards (both the content and the processes / practices).