The fault analysis of hybrid AC/DC systems and the planning of HVDC transmission systems have been widely investigated in the past decades [6]. Aghaei et al. presented a multi-objective optimization algorithm for the MDEP (Multi-Stage Distribution Expansion Planning).
The objective functions of the MDEP consist of various factors, including short circuit capacity. A modified PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) method is used for solving the nonlinear model
Wasserrab and Balzer [8] analyzed both line-to line and line-to-ground faults at different locations in a hybrid AC/DC system.
Gilles [9] presented the formulation for solving the single-stage HVDC transmission expansion planning to reinforce AC networks.
In this formulation, the detailed model of DC transmission systems is adopted instead of sensitivity coefficients.
Kuruganty and Woodford [10] proposed a methodology for a reliability cost-benefit analysis of HVDC transmission expansion planning