Alginates are widely used in the food industry due to their viscosifying, non-toxic and gelling enhancing properties. Alginates are a group of polysaccharides produced by brown algae (Laminaria hyperborea, Laminaria digitata, Laminaria japonica) and bacteria
(Azotobacter vinelandii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Chemically, alginate is an anionic linear copolymer of _-d-mannuronic acid (M) and _-l-guluronic acid (G) joined by links _ 1-4 and is structured in blocks that can be homopolymeric (M or G) or heteropolymeric (MG) (Lee & Mooney, 2012). Alginate is synthesized as a biopolymer of mannuronic acid, which is subsequently transformed into guluronic acid by an enzymatic epimerization. The most important application of alginate in biotechnology is the ability to form stable
gels through the ionic interaction between two adjacent G chains with Ca2+, forming junction zones that stabilize the gel structure (Fabich et al., 2012).
Alginates are widely used in the food industry due to their viscosifying, non-toxic and gelling enhancing properties. Alginates are a group of polysaccharides produced by brown algae (Laminaria hyperborea, Laminaria digitata, Laminaria japonica) and bacteria(Azotobacter vinelandii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Chemically, alginate is an anionic linear copolymer of _-d-mannuronic acid (M) and _-l-guluronic acid (G) joined by links _ 1-4 and is structured in blocks that can be homopolymeric (M or G) or heteropolymeric (MG) (Lee & Mooney, 2012). Alginate is synthesized as a biopolymer of mannuronic acid, which is subsequently transformed into guluronic acid by an enzymatic epimerization. The most important application of alginate in biotechnology is the ability to form stablegels through the ionic interaction between two adjacent G chains with Ca2+, forming junction zones that stabilize the gel structure (Fabich et al., 2012).
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