an organization should have tested damage limitation mechanisms in place. There is no way that all crises can be averted. Limitation mechanisms prevent the damage from engulfing other parts of the corporation. The disaster at Bhopal is a classic example. If Union Carbide had immediately disseminated the fact that the released chemical was neutralized by water, then victims. Many would have been saved. Once you have a major catastrophe like NASA's which happened in front of millions of people, it can be virtually impossible to keep the damage from spreading. Indeed, the apace shuttle disaster threatened the very existence of the space program.