The ultimate objective of sustainability is the full integration of the natural, economic, and social systems, and this may be achieved through the integration of these objectives (Linear thinking).
To the contrary, the following are the conclusions to be drawn from the Cosmic Interdependence model developed based on the holistic-reduction- ist-holistic approach (Mebratu 1996).
• The human universe, in general, and the economic and social cosmos, in particular, never have been, and never will be, a separate system independent from the natural universe.
• The intersection area of the four cosmos is the area where we have millions of combinations of conflict and harmony serving as a seedbed for the process of coevolution of the natural and human universe.
• The vehicles of interaction within the interactive zone are millions of systems that do not belong exclusively to one cosmos but have a four- dimensional (or three-dimensional, if we put the biotic and abiotic under the ecological dimension) systemic parameter.
• The environmental crisis recorded throughout human history is an outcome of the cumulative effect of deliberate, or otherwise, human neglect of one or more of the systemic parameters, resulting in millions of feedback deficient systems.
• There is an abiotic region that is essentially free of interaction with the biotic, economic, and social cosmos; and by the same token there is a biotic region that is not yet in interaction with the human universe. However, neither of these regions can be claimed to be free from the second-degree effect of the interactive region.
The ultimate objective of sustainability is the full integration of the natural, economic, and social systems, and this may be achieved through the integration of these objectives (Linear thinking).To the contrary, the following are the conclusions to be drawn from the Cosmic Interdependence model developed based on the holistic-reduction- ist-holistic approach (Mebratu 1996).• The human universe, in general, and the economic and social cosmos, in particular, never have been, and never will be, a separate system independent from the natural universe.• The intersection area of the four cosmos is the area where we have millions of combinations of conflict and harmony serving as a seedbed for the process of coevolution of the natural and human universe.• The vehicles of interaction within the interactive zone are millions of systems that do not belong exclusively to one cosmos but have a four- dimensional (or three-dimensional, if we put the biotic and abiotic under the ecological dimension) systemic parameter.• The environmental crisis recorded throughout human history is an outcome of the cumulative effect of deliberate, or otherwise, human neglect of one or more of the systemic parameters, resulting in millions of feedback deficient systems.•ภูมิภาค abiotic ที่เป็นฟรีติดต่อกับดาวกระจาย biotic เศรษฐกิจ และสังคม ที่ไม่ และเป็นภูมิภาคที่ไม่ใช่ ในการติดต่อกับจักรวาลมนุษย์ biotic โดย token เดียวกัน อย่างไรก็ตาม ภูมิภาคเหล่านี้ไม่สามารถจะอ้างว่า เป็นอิสระจากผล second-degree ของภูมิภาคแบบโต้ตอบ
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