1. The essence of the operation of the MOS and the bipolar differential
amplifiers: how they reject common-mode noise or interference and
amplify differential signals.
2. The analysis and design of MOS and BJT differential amplifiers.
3. Differential-amplifier circuits of varying complexity; utilizing passive
resistive loads, current-source loads, and cascodes—the building blocks
we studied in Chapter 7.
4. An ingenious and highly popular differential-amplifier circuit that utilizes
a current-mirror load.
5. The structure, analysis, and design of amplifiers composed of two or
more stages in cascade. Two practical examples are studied in detail: a
two-stage CMOS op amp and a four-stage bipolar op amp.