There is a growing body of evidence that bacteriolytic enzymes represent a powerful class of novel therapeutic candidates. While microbial bacteriocins and phage endolysins have dominated early work, antibacterial enzymes of human origin have the advantage of inherent compatibility with the human immune system. Human lysozyme (hLYZ), an important component of innate immunity,11 represents one protein of particular interest. Lysozymes cleave the core β-(1,4)glycosidic bond in bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, thereby causing bacterial lysis and death. Additionally, hLYZ and other C-type lysozymes manifest noncatalytic modes of action,which contribute to their broad spectrum antibacterial activity.The availability of mass produced recombinant hLYZ has spurred interest in prospective medical applications, and early studies in rodent models have been encouraging